膜科学与技术

复合碳化硅陶瓷过滤膜材料的制备及表征

作者：苏魁范¹，邓湘云¹.²，李建保¹，王春鹏¹，张国庆¹，景亚妮¹，白成英¹

单位： 1. 热带岛屿资源先进材料教育部重点实验室；硅锆钛资源综合开发与利用海南省重点实验室海南大学材料与化工学院，海南海口 570228；2.天津师范大学物理与电子信息学院，天津 300387

关键词：碳化硅，过滤膜，陶瓷纤维过渡层，流延成型，孔隙率，孔径分布

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2013,33(2):18-23

摘要：

研究了陶瓷纤维过渡层浆料的不同工艺配方对复合碳化硅过滤膜材料结构的影响，陶瓷粘结剂量对过滤膜的孔隙率、孔径大小和孔径分布的影响，以及陶瓷粘结剂量为15wt%时，造孔剂量对过滤膜孔隙率的影响。采用流延成型法在多孔碳化硅陶瓷块体上流延制备复合碳化硅陶瓷过滤膜，并用XRD对过滤膜进行物相分析，扫描电镜观察过滤膜的形貌，表面过滤膜的孔隙率和孔径分布则用排水法和泡点法分别测试。结果表明，1300oC烧结3h后的碳化硅过滤膜在2θ=22o时，有SiO2衍射峰生成。当陶瓷纤维过渡层浆料各成分的质量比为：硅酸铝纤维、莫来石纤维、羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）、和蒸馏水=1：X（X=0,0.5,1.0,1.5）：1.5:65，当0≤X≤1.0时，随着莫来石纤维含量的增加，复合碳化硅陶瓷过滤膜愈均匀平整，纤维过渡层起到的承接阻碍作用，使过滤膜层不易进入支撑体的空隙；当X＞1.0(X=1.5)时，莫来石纤维加入过量，使纤维过渡层过厚，过滤膜和支撑体附着不紧密，容易脱落；当X=1.0，莫来石纤维加入量最合适，复合碳化硅陶瓷过滤膜结构最均匀平整。当粘结剂量5wt%增加到25wt%时，过滤膜气孔率从46%下降到29%，平均孔径从11.916μm减小至4.017μm；当粘结剂量为15wt%，造孔剂量从5wt%增加到25wt%时，过滤膜气孔率从41%上升到60%。

Various compositions of ceramic fiber slurry were prepared to discuss the influence of ceramic fiber layer on structure of SiC filtration membrane ,effect of bonding agents on porosity and pore size distribution of filtration membrane, when bonding agentss at 15wt%,,effect of pore-forming agent on porosity of filtration membrane. Tape casting method was used to prepare the filtration membrane covering on the SiC green body. And XRD and SEM were performed to examine the phase constitution and morphology. The porosity and pore size distribution of filtration membrane were tested by Archimedes method and bubble point method respectively. The results show that, there is a SiO2 diffraction peak with the 2θ =22°in the filtration membrane sample sintered at 1300℃ for 3h. When the composition of ceramic fiber slurry in mass ratio of aluminum silicate fibers: mullite fibers: CMC: water is 1: X（X=0,0.5,1.0,1.5）: 1.5: 65, and 0≤X≤1.0, the SiC ceramic filtration membrane becomes more uniform and complete with the increasing content of mullite fibers. Meanwhile, ceramic fiber layer can prevent the filtration membrane falling into the gaps of SiC support body. While X﹥1.0(X=1.5), excess mullite fibers lead a bad adhesive quality of SiC support body and filtration membrane. X=1.0 is an appropriate content of mullite fibers, and the whole complex SiC ceramic filtration system has a perfect structure. However, if there is not any ceramic fiber layer, the filtration membrane drops into the gaps of SiC support body easily which has an impact on the structures and properties of complex SiC ceramic filtration membrane material.When the content of bonding agents increased from 5wt% to 25%, however, the porosity dropped from 46% to 29% and average pore size decreased from 11.916μm to 4.017μm. The porosity was changed from 41% to 60% with the amount of bonding agents was fixed at 15% but the content of pore-forming agents became from 5wt% to 25%.

参考文献：

[1]H. Strathmann. Inorganic Membranes Synthesis[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing, 1993,32(3).
[2]Charpin, A. J. Burggraaf, and L. Cot, “A Survey of Ceramic Membranes for Separations in Liquid and Gaseous Media,” Ind. Ceram. (Faenza, Italy), 11[2] 84–89 (1991).
[3]琚行松，黄培，徐南平. 非对称管式陶瓷超滤膜毛细过滤成膜过程的数学模拟[J].化工学报,2002,53(6).
[4 ]Bhave R.. Fundamentals of Inorganic Membrane Science and Technology[J]. Journal of Membrane Science,1997,137(1).
[5] Hsieh HP. Inorganic membranes [J].AIChE Symposium Series，1998，84(261):1-2.
[6]王湛. 膜分离技术基础[M].北京.化学工业出版社,2000:7~13.
[7]Y.M. Jo, R. B. Hutchison, J. A. Raper. Characterization of ceramic composite membrane filters for hot gas cleaning [ J].Power Technology, 1997, 91: 55~ 62.
[8] 谢五喜，刘有智，杨毅伟. 氧化铝超滤膜的制备及性能研究[J].应用化学,2005,34(1).
[9]Xiaozhen Zhang, Daru Fang, Bin Lin, et al. Asymmetric porous cordierite hollow fiber membrane for microfiltration[J]. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2009, 487 (1- 2): 631~638.
[10]C. Wei and K. Li. Preparation and characterization of a robust and hydrophobic ceramic membrane via an improved surface grafting technique[J]. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2009, 48 (1):3446~3452.
[11]王耀明，薛友祥，孟宪谦等. 孔梯度陶瓷纤维复合膜管的性能研究[J].陶瓷, 2006(10):35-38.
[12]李建保，李俊峰，林红. 粉尘过滤用多孔陶瓷的双层非对称表面膜以及制法[P].中国, CN101954246．2011-01-26.
[13]Ping-K’un Lin, Dah-Shyang Tsai. Preparation and Analysis of a Silicon Carbide Composite Membrane[J].JAm. Ceram. Soc., 1997,80 (2).

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】

《膜科学与技术》编辑部地址：北京市朝阳区北三环东路19号蓝星大厦邮政编码：100029 电话：010-64426130/64433466 传真：010-80485372邮箱：mkxyjs@163.com