膜科学与技术

基于锂同位素分离的大环聚醚及其固载化聚合物研究进展

作者：裴艳春，严峰，李建新，程煜，何本桥，崔振宇

单位：天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院，中空纤维膜材料与膜过程省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，天津，300387

关键词：大环聚醚聚醚接枝聚合物锂同位素分离因子

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2013,33(6):102-110

摘要：

锂同位素6Li和7Li是核聚变所需的重要材料，故锂同位素分离是核能发展必需解决的难题。本文通过介绍大环聚醚溶剂萃取分离锂同位素及大环聚醚聚合物离子交换色层法分离锂同位素的概况，综述了国内外大环聚醚及其固载化聚合物在锂同位素分离方面的研究现状及发展趋势，其中淋洗色谱法和膜色谱法是锂同位素分离的未来发展方向之一。

Lithium isotopes 6Li and 7Li are the required materials in the nuclear fusion reactions. The development of lithium isotope separation is of great importance during nuclear energy development. This paper introduced the overview of using the macrocyclic polyether and macrocyclic polyether polymer as chemical exchanger to separate lithium isotopes through solvent extraction and ion exchange chromatography. It also reviewed the research status and development direction of macrocyclic polyether and its immobilized polymer in lithium isotope separation and analyzed its relative mechanism. Macrocyclic polyether polymer as chemical exchanger, elution chromatography and membrane chromatography would be the development direction of lithium isotope separation in the future.

裴艳春(1987-)，女，甘肃平凉人，硕士研究生，主要从事分离膜及锂同位素分离研究。*通讯联系人jxli@tjpu.edu.cn；jxli0288@yahoo.com.cn。

参考文献：

[1] Eddy Michiels, Paul De Bièvre. Absolute isotopic composition and the atomic weight of a natural sample of lithium[J]. International Journal of Mass Spectrometry and Ion Physics, 1983, 49(2): 265-274
[2] 肖啸菴. 同位素分离 [M]. 北京：原子能出版社, 1999
[3] 阮锡超, 周祖英, 陈国长. 中子与9Be， 6Li和7Li反应的初级中子发射谱实验研究[J]. 高能物理与核物理, 2007, 31(5):442-447
[4] Weast R C. Handbook of chemistry and physics [J]. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1969. 257(6): 423.
[5] Thewlis J. Unit-cell dimensions of lithium fluoride made from Li6 and Li7 [J]. Acta Crystallographica, 1955, 8(1): 36-38.
[6] Makhijani A, Yih K. Nuclear Wastelands: A global guide to nuclear weapons production and its health and environmental effects. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 2000
[7] Symons, E. A. Lithium isotope separation: a review of possible techniques [J]. Separation Science and Technology, 1985, 20(9-10): 633-651
[8] Okuyama, K.Okada, I.Saito. The isotope effects in the isotope exchange equilibria of lithium in the amalgam-solution system [J]. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 1973, 35(8): 2883-2895
[9] Powell J E. The separation of lithium isotopes by ion exchange[J]. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 1962, 24(2): 183-186
[10] Yasushi Kanzaki, Noriko Suzuki, Ramesh Chitrakar. 7Li/6Li Isotope separation on inorganic ion-exchangers and NMR study of the H+/Li+ ion-exchange reaction[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2002, 106(5): 988-995
[11] Pedersen, Charles J. Cyclic polyethers and their complexes with metal salts [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1967, 89(10): 2495-2496
[12] Walkowiak, Wladyslaw Kang, Sang Ihn Stewart. Effect of ring size variation within lipophilic crown ether carboxylic acids on the selectivity and efficiency of competitive alkali-metal cation solvent extraction into chloroform[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 1990, 62(18): 2022-2026
[13] Gokel G W, Leevy W M, Weber M E. Crown ethers: sensors for ions and molecular scaffolds for materials and biological models [J]. Chemical Reviews, 2004, 104(5): 2723-2750
[14] Burns, John H, Sachleben Richard A, Davis Matthew C. Structures of isomeric substituted 14-crown-4 ethers and their LiSCN complexes[J]. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 1994, 223(1-2): 125-130
[15] Saleh M I, Kusrini E, Fun H K. Structural and selectivity of 18-crown-6 ligand in lanthanide-picrate complexes[J]. Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 2008, 693 (15): 2561-2571
[16] Moriuchi Kawakami T, Aoki R, Morita K. Conformational analysis of 12-crown-3 and sodium ion selectivity of electrodes based on bis (12-crown-3) derivatives with malonate spacers [J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2003, 480 (2): 291-298
[17] Yeong Keng Yoon. Complexation studies of crown ethers with alkali mental cations in methanol[D]. Universiti Sains Malaysia, 2004
[18] Jepson, B. E. et al., Report MLM-2622, UC-22(1979)
[19] 支克正,窦富全,姚钟麒,等. 冠醚分离锂同位素研究Ⅰ.锂盐-穴醚两相交换体系的锂同位
素效应[J].原子能科学技术, 1982, 2(3):686-690
[20] 盛怀禹,李树森,陈耀焕.冠醚B15C5萃取分离锂同位素的阴离子效应[J].有机化学,1984,3(6):217-220
[21] Kazushige Nishizawa,Tokuyoshi Takano,Isao Ikeda. Extractive separation of lithium isotopes by crown ethers[J]. Separation Science and Technology, 1988, 23(4): 333-345
[22] 支克正,窦富全,姚钟麒,等. 冠醚分离锂同位素研究Ⅱ.锂盐-穴醚两相交换体系的锂同位素效应[J].原子能科学技术, 1982, (3):347-352
[23]方胜强, 艾克正, 高志昌, 等. 4-叔丁基苯并-15-冠-5液-液萃取法分离锂同位素[J]. 核化学与放射化学, 1987, 9(3):142-147
[24] 金建南,王全基,孟明礼,等.用开链冠醚PAIV溶剂萃取分离锂同位素[J].四川大学学报,1999,36(5):903-906
[25] Nishizawa, Kazushige Ishino, Shin-ichi Watanabe. Lithium isotope separation by liquid-liquid extraction using benzo-15-crown-5[J]. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1984, 21(9): 694-701
[26] 方胜强, 傅立安. 冠醚萃取体系中锂的同位素效应-混合锂盐效应[J]. 同位素, 1994, 7(3):168-171
[27] Nishizawa, Kazushige Takano, Tokuyoshi. Extractive separation of lithium isotopes using benzo-15-Crown-5. Effect of salt concentration[J]. Separation Science and Technology, 1988, 23(6-7):751-757
[28] Alexandratosa S D, Stine C L. Synthesis of ion-selective polymer-supported crown ethers: A review [J]. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2004, 60: 3-16
[29] Manzini B, Hodge P. Polymer-supported syntheses of oxo-crown ethers and derivatives containing α –amino-acid residues[J].Reactive and Functional Polymers, 2008, 68 (9): 1297-1306
[30] 周庆业, 鹿秀山, 张邦华. 冠醚聚合物的合成及性能[J]. 离子交换与吸附, 1996, 12(3):271-286
[31] 米鹏,褚良银,杨文川,等.钠离子识别型复合膜的制备与性能研究[J].过滤与分离,2006,（16）:1-3
[32] 王伟,高保娇.二苯并-18-冠-6在交联聚乙烯醇微球表面的固载化[J].功能高分子学报,2009(22):343-348
[33] Spiro D. Alexandratosa, Christy L. Stineb, Richard A. Sachlebenc. Immobilization of lithium-selective 14-crown-4 on crosslinked polymer supports[J]. Polymer, 2005, (46):6347-6352
[34] Pethricka R A, Wilsona M J, Affrossmana S. Synthesis and cation complexation properties of crown ether polyamic acids/imides [J]. Polymer, 2000, 41(19): 7111-7121
[35] Fujine, Sachio Saito, Keiichiro Shiba. Lithium isotope separation by displacement chromatography using cryptand resin[J].Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1983, 20(5):439-440
[36] Kohei OTAKE, Tatsuya SUZUKI, Hyun-Jun KIM. Novel syntheses method of phenol type benzo-15-Crown-5 ether resin and its application for lithium isotope separation[J]. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2006, 43(4):419-422
[37] Kim D W，Jeon Y S, Eom T Y. Lithium isotope separation on a monobenzo-15-crown-5 resin [J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 1991, 150(2): 417-426
[38] Kim D W，Jeon Y S, Jeong Y K. Lithium isotope separation by chemical exchange with polymer-bond azacrown compounds[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 1995, 189(2):219-227
[39] Kim D W, Hong Ch P, Kim Ch S. Lithium isotope separation on an ion exchange resin having azacrown ether as an anchor group [J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 1997, 220(2): 229-231
[40] Kim D W, Kim H J, Jeon J S. Separation of lithium isotopes by aminobenzo-15-crown-5 bonded merrifield resin [J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2000, 245(3): 571- 574
[41] Kim D W, Kang B M, Jeon B K. Separation of lithium isotopes by elution chromatography with an AB18C6 bonded Merrifield peptide resin [J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2003, 256(1): 81–85
[42] Yasutoshi Ban, Masao NOMURA, Yasuhiko FUJII. Chromatographic separation of lithium isotopes with silica based monobenzo-15-crown-5 resin [J]. Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 2002, 39(3): 279-281
[43] 傅克坚, 刘元芳. 化学法分离锂同位素Ⅱ离子交换色层法分离锂同位素[J].原子能科学技术, 1963, (11):889-900
[44] Lee D A, Begun G M. The enrichment of lithium isotopes by ion-exchange chromatography. Ⅰ. The influence of the degree of crosslinking on the separation factor[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1959, 81(9): 2332-2335
[45] Lee D A. The enrichment of lithium isotopes by ion exchange chromatography. Ⅲ. The influence of the nature of the solution phase on the separation factor[J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1961, 83(20):1801-1803
[46] Kim D W. Enrichment of lithium isotopes by a triazacrown trimerrifield peptide resin[J]. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 2002, 253(1):67-71
[47] Powell J E. The separation of lithium isotopes by ion exchange[J]. Journal of Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry, 1962, 24(2):183-186
[48] Takao Oi, Takuji Imai, Hidetake Kakihana. Lithium isotope effects in water-dimethyl sulphoxide mixed-solvent ion-exchange chromatography[J]. Journal of Chromatography A, 1992, 627(1-2): 187-191
[49] Takahiko Sugiyama, Kei Sugiura, Masahiro Tanaka. Lithium isotope separation with displacement chromatography using crown ether resin immobilized on porous silica beads[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 2012, 87(7-8): 1186-1189
[50] Hideki Araki, Miki Umeda, Youichi Enokida. Effect of development speed on separative performance of displacement chromatography using porous ion exchange resin for Li isotope separation[J]. Fusion Engineering and Design, 1998, 39(1): 1009-1013
[51] 陈灏, 陈欢林. 膜色谱技术在生物大分子分离与纯化中的应用[J]. 膜科学与技术, 2001, 21(5):66-72
[52] 张玉忠, 肖长发. 膜色谱技术的进展[J].天津工业大学学报, 2004, 23(4):94-97
[53] 李建新, 严峰, 程煜. 一种具有锂同位素分离效应的苯并冠醚接枝聚合物材料及其制备方法, 中国发明专利申请号2012102744356.5, 申请日2012年8月3日
[54] 裴艳春. 冠醚接枝聚砜聚合物膜材料制备及其锂同位素分离性能研究[D]. 天津工业大学硕士研究生论文, 2013

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】

《膜科学与技术》编辑部地址：北京市朝阳区北三环东路19号蓝星大厦邮政编码：100029 电话：010-64426130/64433466 传真：010-80485372邮箱：mkxyjs@163.com