膜科学与技术

多效膜蒸馏技术用于深度浓缩多种无机盐水溶液

作者：王平¹，秦英杰¹，²，刘晶¹，刘建军¹，张昆明¹，崔东胜²

单位： 1.天津大学化工学院，天津300072；2.天津凯铂能膜工程技术有限公司，天津300308

关键词：多效膜蒸馏；无机盐；深度浓缩；膜通量；造水

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2014,34(4):39-44

摘要：

利用中空纤维气隙式多效膜蒸馏组件浓缩处理硫酸盐、盐酸盐、硝酸盐和碳酸盐等16种无机盐水溶液，研究料液浓度在0.5%~40%之间变化时对膜通量和造水比的影响。实验结果表明，料液浓度升高，膜通量和造水比总体呈下降趋势。造成膜通量和造水比下降的因素包括料液蒸汽压、粘度、扩散系数、比热容和热导率随浓度的变化，但蒸汽压下降是主要因素。钾盐、铵盐、硫酸盐、硝酸盐的浓度升高对膜通量和造水比影响较小，而盐酸盐、镁盐的浓度升高对膜通量和造水比影响较大。对于所有测验的浓度为18%的料液，膜通量值均可达2.30L•m-2•h-1以上，造水比在6.5以上，至少相当于9效蒸发器的能效果。整个实验期间膜组件性能良好，所有研究的无机盐的截留率均在99.9%以上。

Multiple-effect membrane distillation (MEMD) based on hollow fiber air-gap membrane distillation module was used to concentrate sixteen kinds of aqueous solutions of inorganic salts include sulfate, chloride, nitrate and carbonate. The influence of feed-in concentration of 0.5~40wt% on the performance of MEMD process such as trans-membrane flux (J) and gained output ratio (GOR) was studied experimentally. The experimental data indicated that both J and GOR decreased with the increase of feed-in concentration. The factors responsible for this phenomena included vapor pressure、viscosity、diffusion coefficient、specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity, however vapor pressure played a major role. The concentration of potassium salts, ammonium salts, sulfate and nitrate have less effects on J and GOR, however，the concentration of hydrochloride and magnesium salts have greater effects on J and GOR. Furthermore for all feed streams of inlet concentration of 18%, the value of J was above 2.30（L•m-2•h-1）and the value of GOR was above 6.5, which was similar with the thermal-efficiency of nine-effect distillation. During the experimental period, membrane module demonstrated excellent performance as indicated by the rejection rate of >99.9% for all the inorganic salts tested.

王平（1989-），女，安徽宿州人，硕士研究生，从事膜法分离及废水处理方面的研究.E-mail:qingping89@163.com

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