膜科学与技术

纤维素/壳聚糖共混纳滤膜制备及其染料脱盐性能研究

作者：陈慧娟¹，纪晓声¹，陈霄翔²，张林³

单位： 1.浙江大学海洋学院，舟山316021；2.杭州超纳净水设备有限公司，杭州 311243 3.浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学院，杭州 310027

关键词：纤维素；壳聚糖；离子液体；染料脱盐；纳滤膜

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2018,38(4):27-32

摘要：

纤维素因其优良的机械性能和成膜性而成功地应用于纳滤膜制备。但纯纤维素纳滤膜表面呈电负性，对低分子量水溶性染料和Na2SO4均具有高的截留率，Na2SO4的脱除率有待于进一步提高。本文将荷正电的壳聚糖和纤维素共混，以离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐(EMIMAc)和二甲基亚砜DMSO为溶剂，水为凝固浴，无纺布为支撑层，采用相转化法，成功制备了纤维素/壳聚糖共混弱正电纳滤膜。结果表明，当纤维素和壳聚糖质量比为1:1时，制备的共混纳滤膜分离性能最优。该膜在0.5 MPa的错流条件下，对直接染料的截留率较高，如刚果红的截留率为99.99%；对活性染料（活性黑5、活性蓝19）的截留率也可达到80-90%；而膜对无机盐截留率均较低，NaCl和Na2SO4的截留率分别在10%和1%以下。上述研究结果表明，该膜可实现染料和盐的高效分离。

Cellulose is applied to prepare nanofiltration membrane successfully due to excellent mechanical stability and film-forming property. However, the bare cellulose membrane surface is negatively charged, and then it has high rejection of low molecular weight water-soluble dyes and Na2SO4, so the removal rate of Na2SO4 remains to be further improved. In this study, a weak positively charged CEL/CS blend NF membrane was prepared successfully via phase inversion method using cellulose and chitosan as membrane materials, ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium acetate (EMIMAc) and DMSO as solvents, water as coagulation bath on a non-woven fabric substrate. The results showed that the prepared blend nanofiltration membrane had the best separation performance when the mass ratio of cellulose to chitosan was 1:1. The membrane had a high rejection of direct dye (congo red:99.99%) and the retention of reactive dyes were 80-90% (reactive black 5 and reactive blue 19) under the cross-flow conditions of 0.5 MPa. However, the rejection of inorganic salts were low, such as NaCl and Na2SO4 were below 10% and 1% respectively. The above results showed that the membrane enabled efficient separation of dye and salt.

第一作者简介：陈慧娟（1993.12-），女，安徽合肥人，硕士研究生，从事水处理纳滤膜的制备及应用，E-mail：chenhuijuan@zju.edu.cn 通讯作者，E-mail：linzhang@zju.edu.cn

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