膜科学与技术

抽滤法制备PVDF/PVA复合纳滤膜的结构及性能评价

作者：韩璐，许振良，杨虎

单位：（华东理工大学化学工程研究所，上海 200237）

关键词：纳滤；表面涂层；染料；交联；聚乙烯醇

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2018,38(5):69-76

摘要：

本文提供了一种制备无缺陷纳滤膜的新思路：使用抽滤法在自制的聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）膜表面形成致密的聚乙烯醇（PVA）表层，然后以戊二醛（GA）为交联剂，盐酸（HCl）为催化剂交联PVA层，制备出具有不同截留性能的PVDF/PVA复合纳滤膜。结果表明：膜性能与PVA溶液的浓度、抽滤压力和时间密切相关。SEM 照片显示，部分 PVA 渗透到基膜内部，从而形成了无缺陷的致密表层结构。抽滤时间和压力显著影响PVA层厚度进而影响膜通量。AFM结果显示涂覆PVA后膜的表面更加光滑紧密。-0.1 bar压力下，抽滤1% PVA溶液10分钟，交联10分钟制备的膜性能最优，其对甲基蓝的截留率为93.5% ，通量达到14 L/(m2·h·bar)，可以应用于染料废水处理。

A dense polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer was firstly formed on the surface of PVDF membrane by vacuum filtration, then PVA was cross linked by glutaraldehyde (GA). The obtained PVA/PVDF membrane was tested in nanofiltration. SEM images showed PVA penetrated into the cross-section of the support membrane. A dense and flawless PVA skin layer was formed as revealed by AFM and SEM images. The thickness of PVA layer was influenced by the filtration time, pressure and PVA concentration as well. IR spectra and water contact angle proved the hydrophilic surface of the coated membrane. The nanofiltration experiments showed that a thick PVA layer leaded to a high rejection but a low flux. The optimized preparation condition was found to be 10 filtration minutes under -0.1 bar and cross-linking for 10 minutes. The obtained membrane showed the methyl blue rejection about 93.5%, and the water flux of 14 L/(m2·h·bar), which means that PVDF/PVA membrane can be used for dye removal in wastewater.

第一作者简介：韩璐(1992-)，女，浙江余姚人，硕士生，研究方向为PVDF膜的亲水改性及应用，E-mail：Luhan92ecust@163.com 通信作者，E-mail：hyang@ecust.edu.cn

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