膜科学与技术

阴阳离子种类对荷正电纳滤膜分离NH4+性能的影响

作者：刘曼曼，莫恒亮，陈亦力，文剑平，李锁定，丑树人，俞开昌，吴文辉，孟佳意

单位： 1. 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司，北京，101400； 2. 北京碧水源科技股份有限公司，北京，102206

关键词：荷正电纳滤膜；脱铵；共存离子；微观理化参数；截留率

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021,41(1):116-122

摘要：

采用荷正电纳滤膜进行市政水体中低浓度氨氮（NH3-N主要以NH4+形式存在）去除性能研究，从离子微观理化参数的角度探究了共存阴离子Cl-和SO42-以及共存阳离子Mg2+和Na+对荷正电纳滤膜分离NH4+性能的影响。结果表明，由于Cl-与SO42-的微观理化参数区别很大，Cl-比SO42-更优先透过荷正电纳滤膜，为保持膜产水侧电中性，膜进水侧的低电荷、小水合半径、小平均离子势、大扩散系数的NH4+会比Mg2+优先透过膜。如果膜进水侧没有Na+，则会导致NH4+的负截留，反之，由于NH4+和Na+微观理化参数较为相近，均可以透过膜，则导致NH4+的优先透过失效。不同体系下的多级循环实验证明，MgCl2+NH4Cl体系和Na2SO4+(NH4)2SO4体系，利用荷正电纳滤膜均难以实现NH4+与Mg2+、Na+的完全分离。

A positively charged nanofiltration membrane was used to study the removal performance of low-concentration ammonia nitrogen (NH4+) in municipal water. The effects of co-existing anions Cl- and SO42- as well as co-existing cations Mg2+ and Na+ on performance of NH4+ separation by positively charged nanofiltration membrane were investigated from the perspective of ionic microscopic physicochemical parameters. The results showed that Cl- could preferentially permeated the positively charged nanofiltration membrane than SO42- , mainly due to the huge difference between the microscopic physicochemical parameters of Cl- and SO42-, and then NH4+ with lower charge, smaller hydration radius, smaller average ion potential and larger diffusion coefficient on the water inlet side of the membrane could preferentially permeate the membrane than Mg2+ in order to keep the water outlet side of the membrane electrically neutral. If there was no Na+ on the water inlet side of the membrane, the rejection rate of NH4+ would be negative. Conversely, since the microscopic parameters of NH4+ and Na+ were similar, both could permeate the membrane, leading to the failure of NH4+ preferential permeation. The multi-stage cycling experiments under different systems proved that it was difficult to achieve complete separation of NH4+ from Mg2+ and Na+ using positively charged nanofiltration membrane for MgCl2+NH4Cl system and Na2SO4+(NH4)2SO4 system.

刘曼曼（1993-），女，湖北随州人，研发工程师，硕士，主要研究方向为脱铵原理及脱铵新技术，E-mail：1083289053@qq.com

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