膜科学与技术

反渗透膜硅垢形成机理及抗硅垢膜研究进展

作者：张军，赵颂，郝展，王志，王纪孝

单位：天津大学化工学院化学工程研究所，天津市膜科学与海水淡化技术重点实验室，化学工程联合国家重点实验室（天津大学），天津化学化工协同创新中心，天津300350

关键词：反渗透；硅垢；形成机理；抗硅垢膜；研究进展

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2022,42(2):128-137

摘要：

反渗透（RO）技术具有低能耗、易操作等优势，已被广泛应用于水处理过程，但膜结垢特别是硅垢导致的膜通量下降、膜寿命缩短问题严重制约着RO技术的进一步推广应用。本文首先阐述了硅垢形成机理，包括溶液中硅酸聚合过程和RO膜表面硅垢形成过程；然后对抗硅垢膜的研究进展进行了概述，如表面化学改性、界面聚合和层层自组装等；最后对未来 RO 系统膜硅垢问题的研究方向提出建议。

Reverse osmosis (RO) technology has the advantages of low energy consumption and easy operation. It has been applied to various water treatment processes. However, membrane scaling, especially silica scaling, has caused problems such as reduced membrane flux and shortened life span, which severely restrict the further popularization and application of RO technology. Firstly, we introduce the formation mechanism of silica scale, including the polymerization process of silicic acid in solution and the formation process of silica scale on the RO membrane surface. Then, the research progress of anti-silica scaling membranes is summarized from the methods of surface chemical modification, interfacial polymerization and layer-by-layer self-assembly. Eventually, we propose the development prospects of this field.

张军（1995—），男，山西朔州人，硕士生，研究方向为膜材料与膜分离

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