膜科学与技术

缺氧/好氧序批式膜生物反应器处理腈纶废水

作者：魏健¹，²，范冬琪²，³，宋永会¹，²?，孔明昊¹，²，曾萍¹，²，徐东耀³

单位： 1.中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012； 2.中国环境科学研究院城市水环境科技创新基地,北京 100012； 3.中国矿业大学化学与环境工程学院,北京 100083

关键词：腈纶废水；膜生物反应器(MBR)；活性污泥；膜污染；废水处理

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2016,36(2):108-114

摘要：

采用缺氧/好氧序批式膜生物反应器（SBMBR）处理腈纶废水,考察了不同运行条件下反应器对废水COD、NH4+-N和TN的去除效率,以及活性污泥微生物和膜污染特征.结果表明, SBMBR对腈纶废水污染物具有很高的去除效果,在水力停留时间为24 h、90 min缺氧/150 min好氧交替运行的条件下,COD、NH4+-N和TN的平均去除率分别为82.5%、98.7%和74.6%,出水水质可以稳定达到国家污水综合排放标准（GB8978-1996）一级标准；碳源和碱度不足是影响脱氮效果的主要因素,外加碳源和碱度可以显著提高脱氮效率；反应器内微生物主要有丝状菌、短杆菌和球菌,进水C/N过低会导致丝状菌大量生长；PVDF平板膜表现出了较强的抗污染能力,污染后的膜表面经物理清洗后,膜通量基本可以完全恢复.

An anoxic/oxic sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR) was used for the treatment of acrylic fiber wastewater. The removal efficiencies of COD, NH4+-N and TN of the acrylic fiber wastewater by SBMBR in different operational conditions were investigated. The microorganism in activated sludge of the SBMBR system and membrane fouling were also analyzed. The results showed that SBMBR had high removal efficiency on pollutants in acrylic fiber wastewater, and the water quality of the effluent was stable. Under the designed operation conditions of 90 min anoxic/150 min aerobic cyclic operation and HRT of 24 h, the average COD, NH4+-N and TN removal efficiencies were 82.5%, 98.7% and 74.6%, respectively. The effluent of the SBMBR could steadily meet the National Discharge Standard of China of Grade I (GB8978-1996). The lacking of carbon source and alkalinity were the main limiting factors for nitrogen removal, and the addition of carbon source and alkalinity were conducive to improving nitrogen removal efficiency. Filamentous bacteria, bacillus and coccus were the main microorganisms in SBMBR system, and filamentous bacteria were the dominant microorganism under the low C/N ratio condition. The PVDF flat membrane showed high anti-fouling ability, and the membrane flux could be almost fully recovered after physical cleaning.

作者简介：魏健(1983-),男,安徽阜阳人，博士,主要研究方向为难降解工业废水处理技术,E-mail: weijian0911@163.com 通讯作者,E-mail: songyh@craes.org.cn

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