膜科学与技术

膜分离技术富集中药挥发油的可行性及其工艺过程初探——以中药青皮为例

作者：

龙观洪¹，²，李博¹，²，朱华旭¹，²，郭立玮¹，² 潘永兰¹，²，曹桂萍¹，²

单位： 1. 南京中医药大学江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心，江苏南京210023； 2. 南京中医药大学江苏省植物药深加工工程研究中心，江苏南京210023

关键词：膜筛分效应；中药挥发油；油水分离；青皮；工艺优化

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2016,36(3):124-130

摘要：

目的：以中药青皮为示范，探索中药挥发油膜分离富集新技术，阐明膜分离技术富集中药挥发油的可行性及其工艺选择方法。方法：以青皮含油水体为实验对象，分别以收油率、膜通量为评价指标，筛选分离青皮挥发油的膜材料及其孔径，进而筛选压力、膜面转速、温度等最优工艺条件；同时比较传统乙酸乙酯萃取法与膜分离法所得青皮挥发油的收油率、物理化学参数、药效物质柠檬烯及挥发油主要成分的差异。结果：膜材料为聚偏氟乙烯的3个孔径（截留分子量50 kDa，70 kDa，140 kDa）的收油率相差不多；但截留分子量140 kDa的膜，膜通量上更为优越。青皮含油水体膜过程的优化操作工艺为：聚偏氟乙烯膜（截留分子量140 kDa），温度60 °C，压力0.15 MPa，膜面转速300 r/min。膜分离法与传统乙酸乙酯萃取法所得的青皮挥发油的物理化学参数、挥发油主要成分无显著差异，但前者的挥发油收率和柠檬烯含量均高于后者。结论：中药挥发油膜富集技术高效简便，绿色环保，具有良好的开发前景，本研究为推进膜技术在中药挥发油分离领域的应用提供了依据。

Objective: To investigate feasibility of membrane enrichment of volatile oil from Traditional Chinese Medicine through membrane enrichment of Citrus reticulata Blanco.Method:The oil-water system of Citrus reticulata Blanco was selected as subject. The effects of parameters (including distribution of pore sizes, character of membrane materials)on the membrane process, especially membrane permeability flux and yield rate of essential oil rate were discussed in order to fix on a appropriate separation conditions. And the membrane material as well as the operating conditions containing pressure, surface rotation speed, temperature were optimized.Further more, we took essential oil of Citrus reticulata Blanco as an example to research on yield and physical and chemical properties change by different treating method as Ethyl acetate extraction and membrane separation, then we compared the amount of limonene of the two kinds of volatile oil extracted separately by Ethyl acetate extraction and membrane separation. Result: it is not much difference on yield rate of essential oil rate of membrane material of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with MWCO-50 kDa,70 kDa,140 kDa,but the PVDF membrane with MWCO-140 kDa owed higher permeation flux than PVDF membrane with MWCO-50 kDa and 70 kDa. And the optimum conditions of oil-water separation of Citrus reticulata Blanco’s volatile oil were as following:the PVDF membrane with MWCO-140 kDa, temperature at 60 °C, pressure of 0.15 MPa, and the surface rotation speed at 300 r/min. The results also showed that there is no significant difference in the physical and chemical properties of volatile oil extracted by the two methods, but the yield rate of volatile oil of membrane separation is higher than Ethyl acetate extraction, and the amount of limonene of volatile oil of membrane separation is slightly higher than Ethyl acetate extraction.Membrane separation has a great advantage in retaining the integrity of the material, and the enrichment efficiency is slightly higher than the Ethyl acetate extraction, and the entire oil-water separation process does not involve organic solvents, so to overcome the disadvantage of the original Ethyl acetate extraction with organic solvent residue and so on.Conclusion: membrane enrichment process of Traditional Chinese Medicine volatile oil is green, practical and has a good application prospects.in order to push forward the process of widely applying the membrane separation technology into the field of collecting volatile oil.

第一作者简介：龙观洪（1989-），女，广西北流人，硕士研究生，从事中药及中药活性成分的研究。E-mail:longguanhong@126.com. *通讯作者，E-mail: huaxu72@126.com,E-mail:guoliwei815@126.com

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