膜科学与技术

耐污染超滤膜的研究进展

作者：侯春光，文剑平，庞志广，谢松辰，晋墩尚，李志霞，彭跃莲

单位：北京市绿色催化与分离重点实验室，北京工业大学环境与生命学部，北京100124 ;北京碧水源科技股份有限公司，北京102206

关键词：超滤膜；膜污染；耐污染机制；研究进展

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021,41(2):157-168

摘要：

超滤膜技术在饮用水净化、污水处理、海水淡化预处理等领域中得到了广泛应用。然而，膜污染是分离膜大规模应用的瓶颈，传统膜材料的固有性质导致膜表面与污染物之间存在强相互作用，从而造成严重的膜污染，尤其以超滤膜为甚。近年来，构筑抗污染特性的超滤膜得到广泛的研究。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了构筑耐污染特性超滤膜的策略及其局限性。重点概括了国内外在水合层效应和空间位阻效应（污染物抵制机制）、低表面能效应（污染物释放机制）、氧化分解效应（污染物攻击机制）、膜表面图案技术五种抗污策略指导下的膜研究进展。并对构筑耐污染超滤膜面临的主要挑战和发展方向进行了展望。

Ultrafiltration technology has been developed rapidly in many fields such as water purification, sewage treatment, and seawater desalination. However, membrane fouling was one bottleneck of the large-scale application of membrane, especially in ultrafiltration. Due to the inherent properties of typical membrane materials, there were strong interactions between the membrane surface and pollutants, which resulted in serious membrane fouling. In recent years, anti-fouling membranes have been widely researched. In this review, we discussed anti-fouling strategies and limitations of ultrafiltration membranes. The hydration layer effect and steric hindrance effect (pollutants resistance mechanism), low surface energy effect (pollutants release mechanism), oxidation and decomposition of pollutants (pollutants attack mechanism), and membrane surface pattern technology were mainly introduced and summarized, as well as the research progress of anti-fouling membranes at domestic and overseas. Besides, the main challenges and development directions of anti-fouling ultrafiltration membranes were prospected.

侯春光（1995-06），男，籍贯：河南省项城市，硕士研究生，研究方向：毛细管超滤膜，E-mail：HouChunguang@emails.bjut.edu.cn

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