膜科学与技术

电化学能源转化过程的离子膜研究进展

作者：万磊，徐子昂，王培灿，许琴，吴洪，刘凯，王新宇，王保国

单位： 1.清华大学化学工程系，北京100084；2.天津大学化工学院，天津 300350

关键词：离子膜；燃料电池；电解水；氢能

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2021,41(6):298-310

摘要：

在清洁高效的可再生能源和新型电力体系建设过程，大规模电化学能源转化过程十分重要。电化学能源转化装备，包括燃料电池、液流电池、电解水制氢，以及二氧化碳电化学还原等过程，不仅可以充分利用不稳定的风力、光伏电力，还能够作为电能储存和调节手段。电化学体系均包含氧化/还原两个部分，需要利用离子膜材料隔开，避免氧化剂和还原剂直接反应。与此同时，电化学系统内部需要通过离子导通内电路，才能实现连续的氧化还原反应。新兴能源领域的需求使得膜分离材料，突破传统的“分离介质”概念，成为能源材料的重要组成部分。本文针对电化学能源转化过程的需要，阐述近年发展的高稳定性离子膜制备技术与方法，重点分析氢氧燃料电池膜，以及电解水制氢的离子膜最新进展。

In the development of clean and efficient renewable energy, large-scale electrochemical energy conversion processes become significantly important. Electrochemical energy conversion equipment, including fuel cells, flow batteries, water electrolyzer of production hydrogen, and electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, can not only make full use of the electricity from intermittent wind and photovoltaic power, but also can be used as a means of electrical energy storage and regulation. All of the electrochemical system contains two parts of oxidation and reduction, which need to be separated by ion conduction membranes to avoid direct reaction in redox process. At the same time, the internal circuit of the electrochemical devices needs to be conducted with ions to keep continuous redox reactions. The demand in the emerging energy sector makes membrane break through the traditional concept of "separation media", and become an important part of energy materials. In response to the needs of the electrochemical energy conversion process, this paper reviews the status of preparation art developed in recent years to prepare the stability ion conduction membranes, focusing on the progress upon the membranes of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell and the latest developments of membranes in water electrolyzer to produce hydrogen.

万磊（1996－），男，湖北孝感人，博士生，研究方向为离子分离膜。

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