膜科学与技术

应用于油水乳液分离的结构一体化Janus膜的制备

作者：邓成雨，李田田，侯雪怡，卢彦越，刘富

单位：广西民族大学化学化工学院，广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室，广西南宁 530006；中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所，浙江宁波 315201；河北科技大学材料科学与工程学院，河北石家庄 050018

关键词：聚偏氟乙烯；亲水改性；膜；乳液；分离

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2022,42(6):57-69

摘要：

本文利用亲水性高分子共聚物(PVP-VTES)在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)基体膜内的水解、单向偏移和热交联使膜表面呈现有效亲水性，成功制备出亲水层厚度可控的、亲/疏水层“结构一体化”的Janus膜。对Janus膜的形貌结构、化学组成、润湿性等性能参数进行表征，结果表明，膜疏水底面空气中水接触角(WCA)值维持在110 °，5种油滴的水下油接触角(OCA)值则快速降为0 °，而亲水表面水下OCA值可高达155 °，且膜表面的防污性能相对较好。将驱动压力控制在−0.09 Mpa或-0.05MPa下，使用Janus膜分别进行水包油(O/W)或油包水(W/O)乳液的可切换分离：针对大豆油的水包油乳液的水通量为22.88 L/m2 ·h，分离效率高达93.35 %；对油包水乳液的油通量为17.45 L/m2 ·h的，分离效率高达91.47 %；针对氯仿的水包油乳液的水通量为358.81 L/m2 ·h，分离效率达到95.54 %，对甲苯的油包水乳液的油通量为269.21 L/m2 ·h，分离效率为91.87 %。相较于纯疏水膜和纯亲水膜的低通量以及较低的分离效率，Janus膜对油水乳液的分离效果较好。

Hydrophilic polymer copolymers (PVP-VTES) were hydrolyzed, unidirectional migration and thermal crosslinking in the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix to make the membrane surface show effective hydrophilicity, and Janus membrane with controllable thickness of hydrophilic layer and "structural integration" of hydrophilic/hydrophobic layer were successfully prepared. The morphology, structure, chemical composition, wettability and other performance parameters of Janus membrane was characterized. The results showed that the water contact Angle (WCA) value of the hydrophobic surface of Janus membrane remained at 110 °, the underwater oil contact Angle (OCA) value of the five oil droplets decreased to 0 ° rapidly, and the underwater OCA value of the hydrophilic surface of Janus membrane was as high as 155 °. Janus membrane was used for switchable separation of oil-in-water (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion: the water flux of O/W emulsion for soybean oil was 22.88 L/m2 ·h, and the separation efficiency was 93.35 %; the oil flux for W/O emulsion was 17.45 L/m2 ·h, and the separation efficiency was 91.47 %. The water flux of O/W emulsion for chloroform was 358.81 L/m2 ·h, and the separation efficiency was 95.54 %. The oil flux of W/O emulsion for toluene was 269.21 L/m2 ·h, and the separation efficiency was 91.87 %. Compared with the low flux and low separation efficiency of pure hydrophobic membrane and pure hydrophilic membrane, Janus membrane has better separation effect on oil-water emulsion.

邓成雨(1995-)，女，重庆，硕士研究生，研究方向为高分子材料膜制备及膜分离方向

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