膜科学与技术

含氟聚合物/聚醚砜复合膜的制备及乙酸渗透汽化脱水性能

作者：王艳，孙俊涛，李毅，张豪益，肖强

单位：浙江师范大学,含氟新材料研究所,先进催化材料教育部重点实验室,金华 321004

关键词：复合材料；含氟聚合物膜；渗透汽化；乙酸脱水；表面疏水

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2023,43(4):118-128

摘要：

制备高性能耐酸性渗透汽化脱水膜是膜分离领域的一个挑战。本文通过自由基聚合制备了含氟丙烯酸酯共聚物（PFHI），通过溶液浇铸的方式将其涂覆在聚醚砜(PES)基膜上首次得到含氟聚合物复合膜（PFHI/PES）。以傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱仪(ATR-FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）和热重分析仪（TG）等表征技术探讨了复合膜的官能团、微观形貌、表面元素组成及热稳定性等性质，研究结果表明PFHI的丙烯酸酯主链间通过氨基甲酸酯形成交联网状结构，在PES基膜上可形成厚度均匀的膜层，通过调节PFHI的用量可容易地控制膜厚度。PFHI中的含氟侧链向膜表面迁移形成富氟层，增加了膜的表面疏水性并提高了膜的稳定性。将制备的PFHI/PES用于乙酸渗透汽化脱水，考察了膜厚度、操作温度和进料液浓度等对分离性能的影响，发现该膜具备较好的优先透水性，在20 ℃，98 wt.%乙酸水溶液中的分离因子可达194.19，渗透总通量为58.95 g/（m2·h）。此外，由于PFHI中含氟侧链以及氨基甲酸酯交联结构的存在，该膜在乙酸浓度为98 wt.%的溶液至少可以稳定运行96 h，在乙酸脱水领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Preparation of high-performance acid-resistant membranes for water removal by pervaporation remains a great challenge in the field of membrane separation. In this paper, fluorinated acrylate copolymers (PFHI) prepared by a free radical polymerization have been coated on a polyethersulfone (PES) base membrane to obtain fluoropolymer composite membranes (PFHI/PES) by a solution molding method, for the first time. The properties of the composite membranes, such as functional groups, morphology, surface element composition and thermal stability etc., have been investigated by various techniques such as attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) etc. The results indicate that the acrylate main chains of PFHI are cross-linked by carbamate bonds forming a network structure. Uniform PFHI layers have been fabricated on porous PES filters by a simple solution molding method. The thickness of the PFHI layer is easily controlled by adjusting the amount of the PFHI casting solution. Additionally, the fluorine-containing side chains in PFHI is inclined to migrate to the membrane surface forming a fluorine-rich layer, which increases the hydrophobicity and stability of the membrane. The water removal from acetic acid/water by pervaporation has been performed on the prepared PFHI/PES membranes. The influences of membrane thickness, operating temperature, feed concentration etc. on the separation performance have been investigated, indicating a preferential permeation of water. Separation results indicate that the separation factor of acetic acid and water mixture (98 wt.% acetic acid) is 194.19 at a total permeation flux of 58.95 g/(m2·h) at 20 ℃. The PFHI/PES membrane remains good separation performance in 95 wt.% acetic acid solution after 96 h, ascribing for the cross-linked structure of PFHI and the fluorine-containing side chains. It has a broad application prospect in the field of acetic acid dehydration.

王艳（1996-），女，宁夏固原市人，硕士生，研究方向为聚合物膜制备及应用，E-mail：1517106124@qq.com

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