膜科学与技术

二维MXene纳米通道膜的制备及分离性能

作者：汪波，孙阔，张岗，孙春意，王雪玲²，董应超

单位： 1工业生态与环境工程教育部重点实验室，大连理工大学环境学院，大连 116024）（2郑州大学化工学院，郑州 450001

关键词：水处理；二维材料膜；MXene纳米通道膜；抗溶胀；脱盐；新污染物

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2023,43(5):20-27

摘要：

水资源短缺是制约社会和工业发展的关键挑战之一，二维（2D）纳米材料构筑的分离膜在水处理领域表现出潜在的应用前景，具有良好的分离性能和可调控的微结构。为了解决二维材料膜存在的制备困难和易溶胀等问题，本研究以多孔氧化铝（Al2O3）为载体，利用真空抽滤技术引入孔径为0.34 μm的改性碳纳米管（CNTs）过渡层，为膜层制备提供更多结合位点和静电结合力，在此过渡层上采用真空抽滤-热交联（180 ℃）技术制备出了二维MXene（Ti3C2Tx）材料分离膜，尽管热交联降低了纳米通道尺寸和渗透性，但提高了抗溶胀性。所制备MX-180膜纳米通道尺寸为5.0 Å，在0.1至0.5 MPa压力下的纳滤测试中，MXene膜的纯水渗透量为8.3 L·m-2·h-1·MPa-1，对KCl、NaCl、MgCl2和四环素截留达到67.87%、79.99%、85.66%和91.34%，具有良好的分离性能和抗溶胀稳定性。

Water scarcity is one of the key challenges that limit social and industrial development. Separation membranes constructed with two-dimensional (2D) materials show promising potential in water treatment applications due to their excellent separation performance and tunable microstructure. However, there are some issues of high-quality fabrication and swelling for current 2D materials membranes. To address these issues, in this study, a modified carbon nanotubes (CNTs) interlayer (0.34 μm) was introduced onto porous alumina (Al2O3) ceramic substrates via vacuum filtration to provide more binding sites and stronger binding forces for high-quality top-layer formation. Then MXene (Ti3C2Tx) membranes were fabricated on them via vacuum filtration, followed by a thermal cross-linking strategy at 180 ℃. Anti-swelling ability was improved, though both channel size and permeability were reduced during thermal cross-linking process. The MX-180 membrane exhibits a nanochannel size of 5.0 Å, pure water permeance of 8.3 L·m-2·h-1·MPa-1 under the nanofiltration test at 0.1-0.5 MPa pressure, and the rejections of 67.87%, 79.99%, 85.66%, 91.34% for KCl, NaCl, MgCl2, tetracycline indicating promising separation performance and anti-swelling stability.

汪波（1998-），男，安徽六安人，硕士研究生，研究方向为二维纳米通道的构筑及离子分离研究，E-mail：wang6719@foxmail.com

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