膜科学与技术

宽温域质子交换膜在燃料电池中的研究进展

作者：张良，刘梦娇，梁家珍，朱丹依，黄菲，薛立新，高从堦

单位： 1. 膜分离与水科学技术研究院，浙江工业大学化学工程学院，杭州310014； 2. 温州大学化学与材料工程学院，温州325035

关键词：燃料电池；质子交换膜；宽温域；服役温度；质子传导；稳定性

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2023,43(6):212-222

摘要：

质子交换膜燃料电池（proton exchange membrane fuel cells，PEMFCs）因其功率密度高、体积质量小、运行安全可靠和环境友好等优点而备受重视，在便携式设备、交通运输以及固定装置等领域具有重要应用前景。质子交换膜（proton exchange membrane，PEM）作为核心部件，对 PEMFCs的综合性能和操作灵活性起到了直接的影响。然而，目前常规的两种PEM（以磺酸型水基和芳杂环型磷酸基电解质为代表）仅能在各自有限的温度和湿度（relative humidity， RH）范围内使用（80~90 oC/100% RH、120~200 oC/0% RH），仍存在诸多技术壁垒需要克服，制约了PEMFCs的商业化发展。本文将结合近年来国内外研究进展，以关键性科学问题为导向，梳理并归纳了宽温域质子交换膜的构建策略与优化思路，并对未来的发展方向与趋势做出展望。

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells（PEMFCs）have garnered significant attention in diverse fields, including portable devices, transportation, and fixed installations, owing to their notable features such as high-power density, compact size, reliable safety, and environmental friendliness. The performance and operational flexibility of PEMFCs systems heavily rely on the proton exchange membrane（PEM）, which serve as a critical component. However, conventional PEMs based on perfluorosulfonic acid and phosphoric acid doped polymer electrolytes are constrained by their limited operating temperature and relative humidity（RH） ranges（80—90 oC/100% RH、120—200 oC/0% RH）. Consequently, these restrictions have hindered the commercialization of PEMFCs. This comprehensive review provides an overview of key scientific issues and recent research advancements, with a primary focus on the design strategies and optimization approaches for wide-temperature-range PEMs . Furthermore, it outlines future development prospects and emerging trends in this field.

张良（1998-），男，山西运城人，博士生，主要从事质子交换膜材料的制备与性能研究

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