膜科学与技术

"共价 ” 型全疏/ 滑移表面构建及膜蒸馏性能研究

作者：李鹏，李猛，薛宇轩，张庆五，陈晓玲，张轩

单位： 1. 南京市水务集团有限公司 , 南京 210002； 2. 新型膜材料工信部重点实验室 , 南京理工大学 , 南京 210094

关键词：膜蒸馏；全疏/滑移；润湿；结垢；高盐水

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2024,44(1):27-36

摘要：

由于孔隙润湿、矿物结垢或结构不稳定等引起的膜功能层失效问题是膜蒸馏(MD)技术的关键挑战，严重影响其长期运行稳定性. 本文提出一种“全共价”接枝修饰的方法，制备具有优异 MD性能的全疏/滑移膜蒸馏膜材料. 具体而言，通过使用聚多巴胶型插层将纳米硅球共价键合在聚偏氯乙怖(PVDF)膜表面，并采用硫基 — 怖怪点击化学进行直接表面氯化改性. 通过接触角测试，发现所制备的 PDA/PVDF— C膜具有超高的静态水接触角(163. 5。士0. 9。)和极低的滚动角(5. 6。士1. 2。) . 在不同表面张力液体的侵蚀作用下，该膜均未出现膜孔的润湿现象，体现出优异的抗润湿性能. 由于该膜表面特殊的全疏/滑移特性，该膜能够持久并稳定地处理含有表面活性剂的高盐卤水，延缓石膏垢的形成，运行性能显著优于商用疏水膜. 该膜初始通量约为23. 5L/(m2 . h) ，运行前后始终保持对盐高达99%的截留. 本研究提供了一种新颖而有效的方法开发“全共价”型 MD膜，该膜具有优异的抗润湿、抗无机结垢以及结构稳定性，可用于高盐废水的资源化处理.

The functional loss of membranes caused by pore wetting ， mineral scaling ， or structural instability is a critical challenge in membrane distillation （ MD）， severely impacting its long-term operational stability. In light of this，we provide a novel strategy to fabricate an omniphobic/slippery MD membrane via“covalent”grafting modification. specifically，spherical silica nanoparticles were covalently bonded to the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF） membranes using polydopamine （PDA） interlayer，followed by direct surface fluorination through thiol-ene click chemistry. contact angle（CA） measurements reveal that the resulting membrane（PDA/PVDF c）exhibits an ultrahigh water contact angle（163. 5。士0. 9。）and low sliding angle（5. 6。士1. 2。）. Besides，the membrane shows excellent wetting resistance toward various liquids with low surface tension surface tension liquids ，and outstanding anti- wetting properties for the short-term treatment of high-salinity brines containing surfactants. Due to its unique omniphobic/slippery characteristics ，the membrane can durably and stably handle high-salinity brines containing surfactants，delaying the formation of gypsum scale. The membrane exhibits an initial flux of approximately 23. 5L/（m2 . h） and maintains a salt rejection of up to99% during the whole operation. overall ，this study presents a novel and effective approach for fabricating high-performance membrane distillation（MD）membranes with high performance even under harsh operating conditions.

李鹏（1990-）, 男 , 内蒙古乌审旗人 , 工程师 , 研究方向：城市污水处理.

参考文献：

[1] 雷乐成. 污水回用新技术及工程设计[M]//北京:化学工业出版社，2002.
[2] Elimelech M，Phillip w A. The future of seawater de- salination: Energy ， technology ， and the environment [J] . science，2011，333（6043）: 712— 717.
[3] 时钧，袁权，高从堵. 膜技术手册[M]//北京: 化学工业出版社，2001.
[4] 王军，李魁岭，王樟新，等. 膜蒸馏技术疏水膜，组件及工艺研究进展[J] . 环境工程，2021，39（7）:13— 29.
[5] DeshmukhA，Boo c，Karanikola V，etal. Membrane distillation at the water-energy nexus:Limits，opportu- nities，and challenges[J] . Energy Environsci ，2018， 11（5）: 1177— 1196.
[6] LuK J，chen Y，chung Ts. Design of omniphobic in- terfaces for membrane distillation — A review[J] . wa- terRes，2019，162: 64— 77.
[7] Horseman T，Yin Y，christie Ks s，etal. wetting， scaling，and fouling in membrane distillation: state-of- the-art insights on fundamental mechanisms and mitiga- tion strategies[J] . Acs Es&TEng，2021，1（1）: 117 — 140.
[8] LiH，Feng H，LiM，etal. Engineering a covalently constructed superomniphobic membrane for robust membrane distillation[J] . J Membr sci ，2022，644: 120124.
[9] Boo c，Lee J，Elimelech M. omniphobic polyvinylidene fluoride（PVDF）membrane for desalination of shale gas produced water by membrane distillation[J] . Environ sci Technol，2016，50（22）: 12275.
[10]Feng H，LiH，LiM，etal. construction of omnipho- bic PVDF membranes for membrane distillation: In- vestigating the role of dimension ， morphology ， and coating technology of silica nanoparticles[J] . Desalina- tion，2022，525: 115498.
[11] LuK J，Zhao D，chen Y，et al. Rheologically con-trolled design of nature-inspired superhydrophobic and self-cleaning membranes for clean water production [J] . NPJclean water，2020，3（1）: 30.
[12] christie Ks s，Yin Y，Lins，etal. Distinct behaviors between gypsum and silica scaling in membrane distil- lation[J] . Environsci Technol，2020，54（1）: 568— 576.
[13] Karanikola V，Boo c，Rolf J，etal. Engineered slip- pery surface to mitigate gypsum scaling in membrane distillation for treatment of hypersaline industrial wastewaters[J] . Environsci Technol，2018，52（24）: 14362— 14370.
[14] suc，Horseman T，cao H，et al. Robust superhy- drophobic membrane for membrane distillation with ex- cellent scaling resistance[J] . Environ sci Technol， 2019，53（20）: 11801— 11809.
[15] chen Y，LuK J，chung Ts. An omniphobic slippery membrane with simultaneous anti-wetting and anti- scaling properties for robust membrane distillation[J] . JMembr sci，2020，595: 117572.
[16] Xiao Z，LiZ，Guo H，et al. scaling mitigation in membrane distillation:From superhydrophobic to slip- pery[J] . Desalination，2019，466: 36— 43.
[17] LiM，cao Y，Zhang X. Hierarchically structured nan- oparticle-free omniphobic membrane for high-perform- ance membrane distillation[J] . Environsci Technol， 2023，57（14）: 5841— 5851.
[18]wang w，DuX，VahabiH，etal. Trade-off in mem- brane distillation with monolithic omniphobic mem- branes[J] . Nat commun，2019，10（1）: 3220.
[19] Malysheva A，LombiE，Voelcker N H. Bridging the divide between human and environmental nanotoxicolo- gy[J] . Nat Nanotechnol，2015，10（10）: 835— 844.
[20] Batley G E，Kirby JK，Mclaughlin MJ. Fate and risks of nanomaterials in aquatic and terrestrial envi- ronments[J] . Accounts chem Res，2012，46（3）: 854 — 862.
[21] LiuT L，Kim cJc. Turning a surface superrepellent even to completely wetting liquids[J] . science，2014， 346（6213）: 1096— 1100.
[22] LiM，LuK J，wang L，etal. Janus membranes with asymmetric wettability via a layer-by-layer coating strategy for robust membrane distillation[J] . JMembr sci，2020，603: 118031.
[23] choi HJ，choo s，shin JH，etal. Fabrication of su- perhydrophobic and oleophobic surfaces with overhang structure by reverse nanoimprint lithography[J] . JPhyschemc，2013，117（46）: 24354— 24359.
[24] Hensel R，Finn A，Helbig R，etal. Biologically in- spired omniphobic surfaces by reverse imprint lithogra- phy[J] . Adv Mater，2014，26: 2029— 2033.
[25]Xiao Z，Zheng R，Liu Y，etal. slippery for scaling re- sistance in membrane distillation: A novel porous mi- cropillared superhydrophobic surface[J] . water Res， 2019，155: 152— 161.
[26]LiX，shan H，cao M，etal. Facile fabrication of om- niphobic PVDF composite membrane via a waterborne coating for anti-wetting and anti — fouling membrane distillation[J] . JMembr sci，2019，589: 117262.
[27] Boo c，Lee J，Elimelech M. Engineering surface ener- gy and nanostructure of microporous films for expand- ed membrane distillation applications[J] . Environsci Technol，2016，50（15）: 8112— 8119.

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】

《膜科学与技术》编辑部地址：北京市朝阳区北三环东路19号蓝星大厦邮政编码：100029 电话：010-64426130/64433466 传真：010-80485372邮箱：mkxyjs@163.com