膜科学与技术

蒸汽诱导相分离法制备PVDF多孔膜及其膜蒸馏性能研究

作者：马忠，陈晓蓉，彭艳，蒋帅，刘鑫如，周守勇，李梅生，赵宜江

单位：淮阴师范学院化学化工学院，江苏省环境功能材料工程研究中心，淮安 223300

关键词：膜蒸馏；聚偏氟乙烯；蒸汽诱导相分离；膜结构；膜润湿

出版年,卷(期):页码： 2024,44(1):56-62

摘要：

制备具有优异抗润湿性能的膜蒸馏（MD）用膜是膜分离领域的一个挑战。本文以聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）为膜材料，N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）为溶剂，1,2-丙二醇为添加剂，采用蒸汽诱导相分离法（VIPS）制备了高疏水性PVDF多孔膜。考察了暴露时间、相对湿度以及蒸汽温度等工艺参数对PVDF多孔膜结构与性能的影响。结果表明，当暴露时间为1 min，相对湿度为85%，蒸汽温度为60℃时，PVDF多孔膜表面呈现出微/纳米分级结构，静态水接触角为141°，孔隙率约为78%。在使用含有表面活性剂的盐溶液作为进料液的DCMD实验中，所制备的PVDF疏水膜表现出20 L m-2 h-1的稳定水通量和接近100%的盐截留率。

Preparing membranes with excellent anti-wetting properties for membrane distillation (MD) is a challenge in the field of membrane separation. This article uses polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the membrane material, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent, and 1,2-propanediol as the additive to prepare highly hydrophobic PVDF porous membranes through vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) method. The effects of process parameters such as exposure time, relative humidity (RH), and vapor temperature on the structure and performance of PVDF porous membranes were studied. The results showed that when the exposure time was 1 minute, the relative humidity was 85%, and the vapor temperature was 60℃, the surface of PVDF porous membrane exhibited a micro/nano hierarchical structure, with a static water contact angle of 143° and a porosity of about 78%. In the MD experiment using high salinity water containing surfactants as the feed, the prepared PVDF hydrophobic membrane exhibited a stable water flux of 20 L m-2 h-1 and a salt rejection rate of nearly 100%.

马忠（1989－），男，江苏淮安人，博士，讲师，主要从事膜材料与过程研究，E-mail: mazhong@hytc.edu.cn

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