| Study on the urine treatment with membrane distillation for application in environmental control and life support system |
| Authors： Gao Rui, Kang Sai, Yuan Hongying, Zhang Liangchang, Ai Weidang, Yuan Jian， Zheng Libing, Wei Yuansong |
| Units： 1. College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China;2. Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085;3. National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center, Beijing 100094, China |
| KeyWords： Urine; Membrane distillation; Ceramic membrane; Environmental control and life support system; Membrane fouling. |
| ClassificationCode：X703 |
| year,volume(issue):pagination： 2023,43(2):128-137 |
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Abstract： |
| The treatment and water recovery of urine is a key but one tough issue in environmental controlled and life support systems (ECLSS). Membrane distillation (MD) was applied for urine treatment in this work, and the effect of membrane materials, feed water temperature, and different pretreatment methods on the efficiency of urine treatment were investigated. PTFE membrane was found the optimal membrane for MD, and the flux increased from 3.35 to 16.54 kg/m2?h when the temperature difference was increased from 15°C to 45°C. Three key dissolved organic matters (DOM) were identified in the urine treatment processes, which were tyrosine-like (C1), tryptophan-like (C2), and humic substance (C3). Among them, C2 had a dominant role with a proportion significantly higher than 60%. Thus, the C/N ratio is low, with a significant endogenic property. Biofouling happened during MD, which further increase the C2 proportion and the humification degree was significantly decreased. Ceramic membrane showed good performance for rejecting macromolecules, and the fouling can be alleviated. Acidification promotes urine stabilization, thus the inorganic fouling, organic fouling, and biofouling were significantly controlled with a 10% increase in initial flux. And the long-term stability can be obtained for the reduced fouling and wetting. This study provides an effective solution for urine treatment and recovery, which can support wastewater treatment and recyclling in ECLSS. |
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Funds： |
| 国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51908539)；人因工程国家重点实验室2019预研基金资助项目(6142222190715) 。 |
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AuthorIntro： |
| 高瑞（1997-），男，吉林省梨树县，硕士研究生，膜法水处理，E-mail：gaorui9703@163.com |
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Reference： |
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